Otite cronica esterna del cane: eziologia e sensibilità antibiotica

Abstract

Canine chronic otitis externa is one of the most common dermatologic diseases which affects up to 20% of domestic animals. Allergy is the primary cause in 60-90% of cases and the most frequent diseases are atopic dermatitis and adverse food reactions. Ectoparasites are related to otitis externa in 5 to 39%, followed by endocrinopathies with a percentage of 6,1. It should be taken into account that such predisposing factors as anatomical and histological characteristics of a breed with pendulous pinna and hirsute ear canal promote the onset of the disease. Secondary causes are represented by the growth of bacteria and yeast. Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus pseudointermedius and Malassezia spp. are the microorganisms that are isolated in dogs suffering from chronic external otitis. The medical treatment consists of cleaning of the ear canal, anti-inflammatories and antimicrobials. Increased antimicrobial resistance prevents cure and leads to the chronical otitis externa. Pseudomonas spp. is resistant to beta-lactams and it is sensitive to polymyxin B, enrofloxacin and aminoglycoside. Gram positive bacteria, such as S. pseudointermedius, show high sensitivity to beta-lactams and aminoglycoside. The prescription of an antibiotic for the treatment of canine chronic otitis externa should always be based on the results of the antibiogram. The chronicity of the inflammation leads to irreversible changes that should be treated surgically. The TECA-LBO is considered to be the gold-standard technique with 76-96% of successful surgical procedures.